食品(pin)安(an)(an)全已(yi)經是(shi)全球性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全熱點問(wen)題了，在(zai)現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)中關于農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘(can)(can)(can)留(liu)一(yi)直都是(shi)一(yi)個廣泛存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題。毫不(bu)(bu)夸張(zhang)地說，現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)離不(bu)(bu)開農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)，至少是(shi)現階段。這就(jiu)難以(yi)(yi)避(bi)免(mian)地造成農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘(can)(can)(can)留(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題，其實(shi)每個國家(jia)都有嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全指標(biao)，只要(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘(can)(can)(can)留(liu)在(zai)最高限量內，我們就(jiu)可以(yi)(yi)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)該(gai)產(chan)品(pin)是(shi)安(an)(an)全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、健康的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。但是(shi)實(shi)際(ji)上，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)諸多(duo)因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘(can)(can)(can)留(liu)超標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況時有發生。如何把握住農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘(can)(can)(can)留(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最后一(yi)關就(jiu)是(shi)要(yao)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)量進行檢(jian)測。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)是(shi)快消品(pin)，因(yin)此對(dui)于農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)測需(xu)要(yao)有及時性(xing)和便攜式(shi)。這就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)得不(bu)(bu)提一(yi)下目前(qian)應用廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)酶(mei)抑制(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘(can)(can)(can)留(liu)檢(jian)測儀了（農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)殘(can)(can)(can)檢(jian)測儀）。

　　基(ji)于酶抑制(zhi)原(yuan)理，堅固(gu)便攜性和(he)及時性，實現(xian)現(xian)場的(de)快速篩(shai)查。有機磷(lin)和(he)氨基(ji)甲(jia)酸酯類農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)當前(qian)應用廣泛(fan)的(de)兩大農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)，該儀(yi)器就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)針對這兩類農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)而設計制(zhi)造的(de)，可(ke)以檢測蔬(shu)菜、水果、茶葉、糧食、農(nong)副產品(pin)等食品(pin)中(zhong)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘留。

　　酶抑制(zhi)(zhi)原理是有機磷和(he)氨(an)基甲酸(suan)酯類農(nong)藥(yao)中(zhong)毒昆蟲的(de)理論基礎。有機磷和(he)氨(an)基甲酸(suan)酯能抑制(zhi)(zhi)昆蟲中(zhong)樞(shu)和(he)外周(zhou)神經(jing)系統的(de)乙酰膽(dan)堿酯酶活性(xing)，引起(qi)乙酰膽(dan)堿的(de)蓄積，影(ying)響正(zheng)常傳導，引起(qi)昆蟲中(zhong)毒死亡。當(dang)溶液中(zhong)的(de)物(wu)(wu)質被特定(ding)波長的(de)激光(guang)照(zhao)射(she)時，會對光(guang)產生吸收作(zuo)用。物(wu)(wu)質對光(guang)的(de)吸收是選擇性(xing)的(de)，不同(tong)的(de)物(wu)(wu)質有各自的(de)吸收光(guang)譜。因此(ci)，當(dang)一定(ding)波長的(de)單色光(guang)通過(guo)溶液時，其強度(du)會因吸收而減弱，光(guang)強降低的(de)程度(du)與物(wu)(wu)質的(de)濃度(du)成正(zheng)比，從而可以知(zhi)道(dao)農(nong)藥(yao)殘留(liu)的(de)程度(du)。

　　根據國家標準，采用酶抑制(zhi)法判斷(duan)被測樣品是否(fou)含有(you)過量農藥，并給出直觀的定性判斷(duan)。當(dang)抑制(zhi)率超過50%時，認為被測樣品中農藥殘留(liu)超標。

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